![]() ![]() While there is an absence of a unifying theory of complexity, it is generally accepted that engaging with complex systems requires an entanglement of theories and methods. 6 These are the following: (1) it is constituted relationally (2) it has adaptive capacities (3) patterns of behaviour are a consequence of dynamic processes (4) it is radically open (5) it is determined contextually and (6) novel qualities emerge through complex causality. 1 2 6 Preiser and colleagues in 2018 completed an evidence synthesis of prominent authors’ classifications of complex adaptive systems (CAS) features and characteristics and proposed a typology of six organising principles to inform practical implications and methods for studying and understanding complex systems. These interactions are adaptive and dynamic with unpredictable outcomes. Each complex system has a history, which influences the behaviour of the system which is determined by the nature of the interactions between the elements. What is acknowledged is that complex systems share certain characteristics they consist of elements that interact dynamically in a non-linear manner with feedback loops in systems that are open and operate in conditions far from equilibrium. ![]() However, how best to study complex social systems is unclear. 1–5 Complexity theory and science have received increasing academic and health system attention in recent years as appreciation has grown that, to address increasingly complex and systemic issues, there is a need for collaborative, cross-sectoral, multidisciplinary working. These positivist views have been challenged as simplistic by various key complexity philosophers and scientists over the years. Traditional approaches to tackling these challenges have typically taken a positivistic approach using mechanistic linear reductionist methods more suited to physical systems than complex adaptive human systems and have failed to produce the necessary system transformation. These challenges have been amplified with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health and care systems around the globe are struggling to cope with the imbalance between increasing demands and system constraints. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |